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© Museum Associates 2026
Collections

Pieter Jansz. Saenredam
Interior of the Mariakerk, Utrecht1651

On view:
Geffen Galleries
Oil painting of a church interior with tall Gothic arches receding into the distance, round stone columns, and soft warm light on plastered walls

Pieter Jansz. Saenredam, Jan Pietersz. Saenredam, Interior of the Mariakerk, Utrecht, 1651, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Edward W. Carter, photo © Museum Associates/LACMA

Artist or Maker
Pieter Jansz. Saenredam
Northern Netherlands, 1597-1665
Title
Interior of the Mariakerk, Utrecht
Date Made
1651
Medium
Oil on wood panel
Dimensions
Panel: 19 1/8 × 14 1/8 in. (48.58 × 35.88 cm) Framed: 26 1/4 × 21 1/2 × 3 in. (66.68 × 54.61 × 7.62 cm)
Credit Line
Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Edward W. Carter
Accession Number
M.2003.108.2
Classification
Paintings
Collecting Area
European Painting and Sculpture
Curatorial Notes

Pieter Jansz. Saenredam presents an oblique view of the north aisle of the Mariakerk, a Romanesque church in Utrecht that is no longer extant, though it survives through Saenredam’s sensitive drawings and paintings of the subject. His focused treatment of the religious space departs from prevailing traditions, wherein architecture merely served as a backdrop for spiritual subjects or history paintings.

Saenredam worked in a fraught religious climate. The Dutch Reformed Church (Calvinists) had seized control of the political and social order. Saenredam’s father, an established engraver, served as deacon at a local Reformed church that would have preached the doctrine of salvation through individual spiritual devotion to Christ, rather than acts or rituals sanctioned by the Catholic papacy. When Saenredam first visited Utrecht in 1636, Calvinist government officials had already confiscated Catholic churches and property in the city, rendering the Mariakerk a vacant building for their use and forcing Catholics to practice their faith in private residences.

Although Saenredam depicts the Mariakerk stripped of its altarpieces, iconographic sculptures, and stained glass, his palette crafts a gentle ambience that exudes liveliness. Subtle shades of ochre, gray, and white permeate the space, softening even the appearance of the tombstones on the ground. The central pier, highlighted with warm terracotta red, guides the eye upward to a slightly cracked archway and a sliver of glass window, as if reminding the viewer of the stained glass that once adorned the space. Yet the artist is not only invested in evoking ambience. During his visit to Utrecht, he had carefully measured the structure, capturing it with mathematical accuracy in on-site preparatory drawings and, in effect, faithfully replicating the space. Perhaps, through the beholder’s meditation of faith, Saenredam’s tender depiction of the newly empty Mariakerk renders it sacred once again.

2024

Provenance

Mr. Alcott, Rugby. William Allan Coats (1853–1926), Glasgow, sold by heirs through;(1) [W. B. Paterson, London, 3 Jan. 1927, lot 175, for £5,000 to];(2) [Frits Lugt (1884–1970), Maartensdijk, inv. no. 2766, sold Feb. 1927 to];(3) Willy van der Mandele (1883–1951), by inheritance to his wife; Alida Christina Rabina van der Mandele-Vermeer (1891–1988), Bloemen- dael. John Hampden Mercer-Henderson (1906–1963), 8th Earl of Buckinghamshire, 1963 to; Trustees of the Hampden Settlement (sale, Amsterdam, Sotheby Mak van Waay, 15 Nov. 1976, lot 46, ill., sold to); [Brod Gallery, London, sold 1977 to]; Mr. and Mrs. Edward William Carter, Los Angeles, given 2003 to; LACMA.

Footnotes

(1) The Carter painting was not included in the catalogue of Coats’s collection prepared by William Paterson in 1904. Edinburgh 1992, p. 144, however, notes that a manuscript inventory in the possession of the Coats family lists four paintings by Saenredam, which were dispersed after William Coats’s death. The four paintings by Saenredam were Interior of Haarlem Cathedral, which hung in the hall of the family estate at Dalskairth in Dumfries; two Church Interiors in the dining room; and another church interior in the billiard room.

(2) Mentioned in Los Angeles-Boston-New York 1981–82, p. 92, as a sale. The painting was actually included in the exhibition The Entire Collection of the Late W. A. Coats, Esqre. at the Galleries of the Royal Society of British Artists, London, held in January 1927. Various articles in the press noted that the exhibition was “previous to the projected sale of the collection.” The exhibition was apparently organized by William B. Paterson, who wrote the catalogue. Articles in the London press note that Coats was a cotton magnate, who over the course of forty years had formed a collection of 341 works of all schools and periods, from Italian primitives to living British artists. This was the first exhibition of the entire collection, from which he had rarely lent paintings. The most important painting in the collection was Johannes Vermeer’s Christ in the House of Martha and Mary, which was presented to the National Gallery of Scotland by Coats’s sons. The reference to the 1904 catalogue of the exhibition originally came from Frits Lugt’s notes (Los Angeles-Boston-New York 1981–82, p. 97). Utrecht 2000–2001, p. 178n1, cites a handwritten note in a copy of the catalogue of Coats’s collection at the RKD– Nederlands Instituut voor Kunstgeschiedinis, The Hague, stating that no. 175 is a painting of the Sint-Mariakerk from 1651.

(3) According to a letter in the Saenredam object file, Department of European Painting and Sculpture, LACMA, dated 26 February 1979, from Carlos van Hasselt, director, Fondation Custodia, Paris, to Edward Carter, Lugt was largely responsible for the formation of the Willy van der Mandele collection. Willy van der Mandele was born in Haarlem but died in Mozac, Auvergne, France.

Selected Bibliography
  • Los Angeles County Museum of Art Members' Calendar 1993, vol. 31, no. 1-11 (January-November, 1993).
  • Walsh, Jr., John., and Cynthis P. Schneider. A Mirror of Nature: Dutch Paintings from the Collection of Mr. and Mrs. Edward William Carter (Second Edition). Los Angeles: Los Angeles County Museum of Art, 1992.

  • Schwartz, Gary, and Marten Jan Bok. Pieter Saenredam: the Painter and His Time. New York: Abbeville Press, 1989.
  • King, Jennifer, ed. Vera Lutter: Museum in the Camera. Los Angeles: Los Angeles County Museum of Art; Munich: DelMonico Books-Prestel, 2020.

  • Walsh, Amy L. The Mr. and Mrs. Edward Carter Collection of Dutch Paintings. Los Angeles: Los Angeles County Museum of Art, 2019. https://archive.org/details/Carter_Collection_Dutch_Paintings (accessed May 23, 2022).