The Night invokes the ancient Greek myth of Pasiphaë and the birth of the Minotaur. When King Minos of Crete refused to sacrifice his most beautiful bull to Poseidon, a curse befell his wife Pasiphaë (depicted here on the upper right with golden hair, as befits the daughter of Helios, the Sun God), and she subsequently fell in love with this very bull. In an attempt to entice and mate with the bull, she commissioned a life-size, hollow wooden cow from Daedelus so as to entice the bull in bovine form. In the intercourse scene depicted in The Night, the bull’s unnaturally elongated head is visible on the lower right, whereas the large drop of blood beneath its testicles in the lower center contains an embryo that simultaneously resembles the male Minotaur and the female praying mantis—both important symbols of sexual cruelty in the Surrealist lexicon. Following the Nazi invasion of France in 1940, Masson, his Jewish wife, and their children fled to the United States, settling in Connecticut until the end of the war. The Night dates to this period. Masson’s extended preoccupation with the story of Pasiphaë at that time may be interpreted as an indictment of the brutality and virulent irrationality of authoritarian regimes of his day, but it can also translate into a broader, more metaphysical inquiry around human nature and its relationship with art (designing and making things) and artifice (fantasy and deception). As evidenced by this drawing, Masson (among other Surrealists) has been considered an inspiration to the upcoming generation of Abstract Expressionists in the US

In 1941 André Masson escaped Nazi-controlled France and settled in Connecticut, where he made works that explored the Minotaur, the bull-man of Greek mythology. The Night presents the sexual act between Queen Pasiphaë and the bull, which led to the birth of the Minotaur. This subject had captivated Surrealist artists since the early 1930s when they began publishing their Paris-based art magazine Minotaure (1933– 39). The vibrant colors and fluid brushstrokes of The Night evoke the themes of violence, sexuality, and irrationality that pervade both the Minotaur myth and the unconscious, a preoccupation of the Surrealists.

Wall label, 2021.