Although parchment had already begun to pass out of vogue elsewhere in the Islamic world, this bifolium, copied in gold ink on parchment, reflects the conservative nature of Spain in the thirteenth century, as does its distinctive script. Known as Maghribi, after the region of North Africa that roughly encompasses modern Morocco, this graceful cursive script developed in the twelfth century in both Spain and North Africa, and its use is restricted to these regions.